I ka manawa hea i hana maoli ʻia ai nā maka aniani?
ʻOiai ua ʻōlelo nā kumu he nui ua hana ʻia nā maka aniani i ka makahiki 1317, ua hoʻomaka paha ka manaʻo no nā maka aniani i ka makahiki 1000 BC. Ke ʻōlelo nei kekahi mau kumu ua hana ʻo Benjamin Franklin i nā maka aniani, a ʻoiai ua hana ʻo ia i nā bifocals, ʻaʻole hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kēia mea hana kaulana i ka hana ʻana i nā maka aniani ma ke ʻano laulā.
I loko o kahi honua kahi e pono ai ka 60% o ka heluna kanaka i kekahi ʻano o nā aniani hoʻoponopono e ʻike maopopo ai, he paʻakikī ke noʻonoʻo i kahi manawa i ʻole ai nā maka aniani.
He aha nā mea i hoʻohana mua ʻia e hana i nā aniani?
He ʻokoʻa iki ke ʻano o nā hiʻohiʻona manaʻo o nā maka aniani ma mua o nā maka aniani i kuhikuhi ʻia e mākou i kēia lā - ʻoiai ua ʻokoʻa nā hiʻohiʻona mua mai kēlā me kēia moʻomeheu a i kēia moʻomeheu.
He mau manaʻo ko nā mea hana like ʻole no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻike me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau mea. No ka laʻana, ua ʻike nā Roma kahiko i ka hana ʻana i ke aniani a hoʻohana i kēlā mea e hana i kā lākou mana ponoʻī o nā maka aniani.
Ua ʻike koke nā mea hana Italia e hiki ke hana ʻia ke aniani pōhaku i convex a concave paha e hāʻawi i nā mea kōkua ʻike like ʻole i ka poʻe me nā kīnā ʻike like ʻole.
I kēia lā, ʻo nā aniani maka he palakiko a aniani paha a hiki ke hana ʻia nā mōlina me ka metala, ka palakiko, ka lāʻau a me nā ʻōpala kope (ʻaʻole, ʻaʻole kūʻai aku ʻo Starbucks i nā aniani - ʻaʻole i kēia manawa).
Ka ulu ʻana o nā aniani maka
ʻO nā maka aniani mua he hopena hoʻokahi ia no nā mea āpau, akā ʻaʻole maopopo ia ka hihia i kēia lā.
No ka mea, he ʻokoʻa nā ʻano kīnā ʻike o kānaka —ka makapō(ʻike kokoke),hyperopia(ʻike maka mamao),ka astigmatism,ʻamblyopia(maka palaualelo) a me nā mea hou aku - hoʻoponopono nā aniani maka like ʻole i kēia mau hewa refractive.
Eia kekahi o nā ʻano i hoʻomohala ʻia ai a hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ai nā aniani i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa:
Nā maka ʻelua:ʻOiai ke kōkua nei nā aniani convex i ka poʻe me ka myopia anā aniani ʻūpāhoʻoponopono i ka hyperopia a me ka presbyopia, ʻaʻohe hopena hoʻokahi e kōkua i ka poʻe i ʻeha i nā ʻano ʻelua o nā hemahema o ka ʻike a hiki i ka makahiki 1784. Mahalo, Benjamin Franklin!
Nā Trifocal:He hapalua kenekulia ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā bifocals, ua ʻike ʻia nā trifocals. I ka makahiki 1827, ua hana ʻo John Isaac Hawkins i nā aniani e lawelawe ana i ka poʻe me nā pilikia koʻikoʻipresbyopia, he ʻano ʻike maka e kū pinepine ma hope o 40 mau makahiki. Hoʻopilikia ka Presbyopia i ka hiki i kekahi ke ʻike kokoke (nā papa kuhikuhi, nā kāleka meaʻai, nā leka uila).
Nā aniani polarized:Ua hana ʻo Edwin H. Land i nā aniani polarized i ka makahiki 1936. Ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i kahi kānana polaroid i ka hana ʻana i kāna mau aniani maka. Hāʻawi ka polarization i nā hiki anti-glare a me ka ʻoluʻolu o ka nānā ʻana. No ka poʻe aloha i ke kūlohelohe, hāʻawi nā aniani polarized i kahi ala e hauʻoli maikaʻi ai i nā hana leʻaleʻa waho, e like melawaiʻaa me nā haʻuki wai, ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike.
Nā aniani holomua:E like me nā bifocals a me trifocals,nā aniani holomuahe nui nā mana lens no ka poʻe pilikia i ka ʻike maopopo ʻana ma nā mamao like ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, hāʻawi nā progressives i kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻemaʻe a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi ma o ka holomua mālie ʻana i ka mana ma kēlā me kēia lens - aloha, nā laina!
Nā aniani photochromic: Nā aniani photochromic, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he mau aniani hoʻololi, ʻeleʻele i ka lā a noho maopopo i loko. Ua hana ʻia nā aniani photochromic i nā makahiki 1960, akā ua lilo lākou i mea kaulana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 2000.
Nā aniani pale kukui polū:Mai ka wā i lilo ai nā kamepiula i mea kaulana i nā lako hale i nā makahiki 1980 (ʻaʻole e haʻi i nā TV ma mua o kēlā a me nā kelepona akamai ma hope), ua lilo ka launa pū ʻana o ka pale kikohoʻe i mea maʻamau. Ma ka pale ʻana i kou mau maka mai ka mālamalama polū ʻino e puka mai ana mai nā pale,nā aniani kukui polūhiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ke kaumaha o ka maka kikohoʻe a me nā hoʻopilikia i kāu pōʻaiapuni hiamoe.
Inā makemake ʻoe e ʻike i nā ʻano aniani hou aʻe, e ʻoluʻolu e nānā i kā mākou mau ʻaoʻao ma aneʻihttps://www.universeoptical.com/stock-lens/.